Aeroplane.



J. M. DAVIS. AEROPLANE. APPLIUATION FILED JAN. 31, 1910.

973,632. v Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

2 sums-sum 1.

JI'VHZNE%S: I '7 JITTORJVEY.

J-. M. DAVIS.

ABROPLAN-E. v APPLICATION FILED 1411.31, 1910.

973,632. Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

'WITNESSES:

zazafw-m by wli f?" ATTORNEY.

planes which embody two planes disposed at one end with propelling and steering devices,the lower plane'having mounted therethroughout than that of the lower plane .wher y it carries practically double the 'two planes, and secondarily in the novel rear ends of the-planes, and urthermore it ing my improvements; Fig. 2 is a plan view j of the same; Fig. 3 is a front view, and Fig. 40, a

' UNITED STATES rATENT OFFICE.

JOHN M. DAVIS, 01?

McG-RAW, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF :IO CLARENCE A.

METZLER, OF BINGHAMTON, NEW YORK.=

AEROPLANE.

To all whom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, JOHN M. DAvIs, a citizen of the 'United'States, and resident of McGraw, in the county of Cortland, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Aeroplanes, of which the following, taken in connection withthe accompanying drawings, isa full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to the'type of aero parallel one above the other, and provided arrangement and construction of the propelling devices andrudder su ported at the consists in the nox'el arrangement of an adjustable tilt plane supported at the front end of the structure for governing its ascent and descent.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of theaeroplane embody- 4 isa rearview. I

Like characters of reference indicate like parts in the severalviews of the drawings. --A- and -B-- denote -two correspondingly shaped planes which are of the same length, End aredisposed parallel one above the other." Each ofthe'se planes comprises infits structure a frame, to the bottom of whiclris suitably fastened a covering compcsed of canvas or other material.

To obtain the best results, I make the frame of the upperplane of greater width Specification'of-Letters Patent. Patented Dot, 25, 1910,

Application filed January 31, I

1910'. Serial no. 540,955.

square-feet of canvas covering the saidlower frame.

The essential feature of my invention consists in combining two planes disposed as aforesaid, each and m ually and uniformly increased in wfd end,- and "at the same time having a. uniformly increased cross-sectional curvature 'in corresponding direction.

The frame of each plane comprises a central longitudinal beam -'1- extending the full length thereof and fastened at its for- 1 ward end to a comparatively short transverse bar.--2-, from theopposite ends of which bar extend two rearwardly divergent and inclined side members 33' which are preferably straight and are fastened at their rear ends to a rearwardly curved memher -4-. Said curvedmember --4 is deth toward its rear plane havln astraight trans- I verse front en flected upward from its end portions so as -to allow it 'to be fastened to the aforesaidbeam -'1 as clearly shown in Fi s. 1 and 3 of the drawings. Eaclrframe a so com:

prises a series of straight longitudinal braces 55 which extend from the bar --2-.

to the rear curved member -4- and are inclined rearwardly, and arched transverse.

braces -6-6fastened to the frame-members 3'3 and braces 55. Rear end member -ilof the upper frame is preferably of semi-circularsha )e, while the corresponding memberofthe ower frame is of semi-elliptical shape owing to the latter frame being of less wldththan the upper and the factthat the two frames are of th same length;

It willbe understood that the membersof each frame may be united in any convenient or well known manner, and that the canvas covering may befastened to the frame in any suitable manner.

The two lanes are rigidly connected by sta s --7- which are secured. at their en 5 to the frame-members '-2-3 and are obviously inclined outwardly; v

At the, rearof the aeroplane is provided a rudder I 8 consisting of a horizontally swinging, board and having a hinged connection with a supplemental frame r1- idly fastened to the rear ends .of the two p anes and. dis used in line with the .central longitudinal ams of theaforesaid frames. This ioo , the rear end portion of the plane.

supplemental frame may be of any Suitable construction, however, itconsists preferably of-t'wo parallel upri ht front and rear members -9'-9 and orizontal top and bot tom members *-'-10-10 connecting the ends of the said u right members. The rudder is in ed to the rear frame member --9- as in icated at 9- and projects above the upper plane, and may be- I 0 rated by. any me'c anism commonto aeropltnes. 0n the top of the rudder is provided a shield .1 1, which may consist of a board and is rigidly fastened to the 'rudder at thecenter of its width. This shield has its'forward end'projecting over the top plane-and is curved correspondingly shield assists very materially in controlling the aeroplane. 7

At the'rear ends'of' the two planes, I provide a series of propellers, preferably three, one being disposed directly in front of the rudder and the other two dis osedat oppo 15 for driving .the

running .upon', said sprocket-wheels.

site'sides'of the central propel er. Each propeller comprises a plurality of radially ,dis-

. osed blades "-12'-1 2-- rigidly united by'a ub 13' secured to a longitudinally disposed shaft -14- The shaft of the central pro eller is 'ournaled in suitable bear:-

in on t e uprig t members -99- of the re der-supporting-frame. The shafts of the two side propellers are journaled in upright membersof like frames rigidl secured to the frames of the two planes. pen the top of the lower plane is mounted the motor pmopellers. Any suitable mechanisms may employed for I transmittin pellers, however, each mechanism consists ----13" secured to the motor-shaft and propeller-shaft respectively and a chain +14"- It is obvious that in order to throw said mechanisms into and out of o rativeconnection -;.w1ththe motor-shaft,

known clutch-devices (not necessary. to be provide the well shown). The motor is preferably, mounted upon a suitable base -17+ fastened to, the

toprof theframe of said lower plane, 0' effectuallycontrol the aero lane in its.

- ascent and descent, I provide t e forward end thereof with, a tilt-plane -18-' which .at flerent an has of -rearward or may be of any suitable construction and has a d=connection with the front transverse ar --'-2--jofthe upper lane as indicated at 18"'-;. Any suitab emechani's'm may be provided-and so arranged as to bev conveniently operated b the person. in char whereby the said tilt-plane canbe set inc ination, either' orward. The mechanism motion from' the motor-shaft- 16- to t e shafts 1114 of the pro- 40 1 preferably of ,a pair ofsprocket-wheels forth.

which -I propose to use comprises a pair of deemed-convergent arias --19 19-- ex tendingfrom the lower face of the tilt-plane nected to the forward end of a longitudinal ro'd .20'Zeiitending along the top of the lower plane -B, the rear endo'f-which rod ispivotally connected to a suitable suported lever -21- dis osed to beactuated y either the hand or oot. It will be evident that by adjustin aero lane'can be readi y directed in an upand having their adjacent ends pivotally con:

the tilt-plane, the

war or downward course. I To the rear end portion-of the frame'of the lower plane is suitably fastened a transverse axle -22- which is preferably arched to extend across the to of theframe, and on said axle are front end of the lower plane is provided a single wheel --24: which may be journaled between the depending arms 25,-25-

formed integral with or rigidly secured to the ends of a transverse bar -'26 secured to the top of the frame of said plane.

.Byfproviding these wheels 23 2324-, the aeroplane may be propelled along the ground, as usually practiced, in, order to cause the same to take flight.

What I clflll n lsi 1. An aeroplane comprisingv two planes disposed one above the-other, and the upper plane having the greaterarea, each plane formed with a flat front end portion and having a transverse curvature gradually increasing from its fiat portion to the rear end thereof as set forth. Q 1

;2. An aeroplane comprising two planes disposed parallel one above the other and each consisting of a framehaving a suitable covering, the upper plane having greater area than the lower, and each plane formed with forwardly convergent sides, a straight transverse front end, and a curved rear end as set forth.

3.- Anaeroplane comprising two rigidly united planes arranged :parallelone above the other, and each planehaving forwardly convergent sides, and it gradually. increasing cross-sectional curvature toward its rear end,

atilt-plane having a hinged connection with the front end of the upper plane, and. a rudder connected to the rear ends of the two planes and provided on itstop withv a shield curved transversely to correspond with the rearend portion of the upper plane and extending over the same as set 4. An aeroplane comprising two I planes wardly convergent sides,' ,the upper plane having theig'reater area, and each plane being formed w th a flat front end portion .and having a. gradually increasing crosss'ection curvature from fiat portion to of equal len s and disposed parallel one above the ot er, and both formed'with forthe rear end and the latter end curved outtransverse curvature of the rear portion of werdly, a tilt-plane hinged to the front end the upper plane and OXfZHUt'HUg' mmr' said of the upper plane and projecting beyond plane as set forth.

the sides thereof, and a horizontally'swing- JQHX M. DAVIS.

ingrudder supported at the rear ends of the itnessee:

two planes and provided on its top with a H. J. SHERIDAN, shield curved correspondingly with the H. V. D1: Loxu. 

